Alterations of Lipid and Mineral Metabolism during Late Pregnancy and Early Lactation in Holstein–Friesian cows

Document Type : Scientific and Research

Authors

1 Biochemistry, Toxicology and Feed deficiency Depart. Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig Branch.

2 Biochemistry, Toxicology and Feed deficiency Depart. Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig Branch

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in blood Lipids and minerals concentrations in Holstein–Friesian dairy cows during late pregnancy, parturition and early lactation. Fifteen clinically healthy dairy cows in good nutritional condition nearly ages, weights and body conditions. Blood samples were taken from 15 cows at 4 and 2 weeks prepartum, day of parturition and at 2 and 4 weeks postpartum. Plasma was separated and analyzed for determination of lipids and lipoproteins profile (total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, Phospholipids, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), β- Hydroxybutyrate (βHBA), phospholipids concentrations and lipoprotein lipase activity. Also, plasma minerals, total proteins and their fraction (albumin, globulin) were determined. The obtained results revealed that, plasma total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, (VLDL-c), phospholipids concentrations and lipoprotein lipase activitywere significantly increased at late gestation and early lactation period. Meanwhile, plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and β-HBA concentrations were significantly increased during postpartum as compared with day of parturition. Plasma NEFA and phospholipids were significantly decreased at 4 and 2 weeks prepartum, respectively. Plasma total proteins and albumin concentrations were significantly increased, while total globulin level showed a non-significant during late pregnancy early lactation. A marked increase in plasma calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium, Iron and zinc levels were observed during the late pregnancy and early lactation. While plasma cupper and manganese concentrations showed a significant increase at late pregnancy as when compared with the day of parturition.It can be concluded that late pregnancy and onset of lactation were accompanied by marked changes in plasma levels of lipids and lipoprotein profiles, proteins and their fractions and metabolic disturbance in mineral metabolism.

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